Soil-structure interaction is a complex phenomenon. Closed-form solutions provide benchmark solutions for predefined limit assumptions but rarely capture the true behavior of real foundations. Therefore, we perform advanced finite element analysis for every wind turbine foundation design we produce. Analysis features include, as appropriate:

1. Non-linear material behavior.

2. Compression-only springs to model separation between soil and the structure or numerical representation of interfaces.

3. Calibrated geomaterial constitutive model parameters.

We also perform analyses of solar tracker structures and foundations using established software packages that are appropriate for the problem at hand.